Monday

Both coronal holes and active regions are known to be source regions of the solar wind. We present an attempt to quantify exactly how much solar wind originates in these two distinct source regions, using potential field modelling with photospheric magnetograms observed over the past four solar cycles.

We estimate that the fractional contribution of active regions to the solar wind varies between 30% to 80% at any one time during solar maximum and is negligible at solar minimum, showing a strong correlation with sunspot number. While active regions are typically confined to latitudes ±30 deg in the corona, the solar wind they produce can reach latitudes up to ±60 deg. We will finish by discussing the implications of these global estimates for future Solar Orbiter observations, and summarising open questions surrounding active regions as solar wind sources.